U–Pb dating of cave sediments has provided important new time constraints on the evolution of cave-dwelling organisms (including early humans) and of Earth's climate during the past 5 Myr. This paper shows that the most common type of U–Pb dating, which uses ²³⁸U and ²⁰⁶Pb, can be inaccurate beyond ca. 2 Myr ago. It proposes an alternative type of U–Pb dating, using ²³⁵U and ²⁰⁷Pb, as a more accurate alternative.

We evaluate different methods for the potassium (K) concentration determination in feldspars and the impact of the K concentrations on dose rate calculations for feldspar luminescence dating. Our results show discrepancies between published K concentrations and our measured K concentrations. Therefore, we emphasize measuring K concentrations via bulk measurements and single-grain techniques to obtain more accurate results.

Helium gas accumulates over time in minerals, but loss can occur depending on temperature. If partially retained, its loss can potentially be used for determining past surface temperatures. This study uses a model that accounts for complex gas loss to analyze helium retention in two minerals commonly found on the surface of Antarctica. We find one of the minerals retains helium, while the other loses nearly all of the gas within 100 years, making it unsuitable as a climate reconstruction.

Paired moderate- and high-precision U–Pb geochronology is used to explore sources of young bias in laser-ablation-based detrital zircon maximum depositional ages (MDAs). We redefine the reference value for MDA accuracy as the age of the youngest analyzed population and reframe MDA algorithm assessments around validity. This study highlights opportunities to refine MDA research and anticipates continued community efforts to further improve accuracy of laser ablation zircon geochronology.

StratoBayes is a novel Bayesian method for aligning stratigraphic data from multiple sites. It integrates diverse information, such as geochemical signals and radiometric dates, and provides robust age estimates with quantified uncertainty for all sites. We use StratoBayes to correlate lower Cambrian δ¹³C records from Morocco with an undated record from Siberia, and estimate the age of the world’s oldest trilobites.

Conventional (U-Th)/He thermochronology requires accurate calculation of mineral grain volume, often based on approximations to idealized geometries. However, there are many instances where knowingly altering the geometry by polishing grains for additional in situ data collection is desirable. This contribution provides a new method to calculate volume and other data for polished grains used in zircon (U-Th)/He thermochronology analysis using no-added-cost modifications of existing workflows.

The Llanos de Moxos (Bolivian Amazon) host thousands of anthropogenic forest islands from the Holocene. These sites contain shell middens primarily composed of freshwater snails (Pomacea spp.), often used for ¹⁴C dating. To evaluate potential radiocarbon reservoir effects (RRE), modern Pomacea shells and coeval tree leaves were analysed. Results reveal no significant RRE, supporting their reliability for dating archaeological and paleoecological records in the region.

Chemical abrasion (CA) is a two-step method for reducing Pb loss where zircon is annealed then partially dissolved. We use secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) to find closed- and open-system zircon domains in zircon that has been chemically abraded, annealed only, or untreated. Raman mapping identifies lattice damage in SIMS spots. Atom probe tomography (APT) results from both the discordant spots and the concordant ones are all homogeneous and identical. Thus, APT cannot distinguish discordant and concordant zircon.