Articles | Volume 6, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-6-553-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-6-553-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
U and Th zonation in apatite observed by synchrotron X-ray fluorescence tomography and implications for the (U–Th) ∕ He system
Francis J. Sousa
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
Stephen E. Cox
Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY, USA
E. Troy Rasbury
Department of Geosciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
Sidney R. Hemming
Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY, USA
Antonio Lanzirotti
Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
Matthew Newville
Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Guilhem Hoareau, Fanny Claverie, Christophe Pecheyran, Gaëlle Barbotin, Michael Perk, Nicolas E. Beaudoin, Brice Lacroix, and E. Troy Rasbury
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2366, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2366, 2024
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We present an approach to U-Pb dating of carbonates using isotopic image maps. The maps are divided into squares called virtual spots. For each virtual spot, statistical values (mean, uncertainty) are used to determine the age. The user can modify the size and location of the virtual spots and select those that give the most robust age. This approach, applied to high spatial resolution images, makes it possible for the first time to obtain satisfactory ages on images as small as 100 µm x 100 µm.
Indrani Das, Jowan Barnes, James Smith, Renata Constantino, Sidney Hemming, and Laurie Padman
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1564, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1564, 2024
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George VI Ice Shelf (GVIIS) on the Antarctic Peninsula is currently thinning and the glaciers feeding it are accelerating. Geologic evidence indicates that GVIIS had disintegrated several thousand years ago due to ocean and atmosphere warming. Here, we use remote sensing and numerical modeling to show that strain thinning reduces buttressing of grounded ice, creating a positive feedback of accelerated ice inflow to the southern GVIIS, likely making it more vulnerable than the northern sector.
Gavin Piccione, Terrence Blackburn, Paul Northrup, Slawek Tulaczyk, and Troy Rasbury
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1359, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1359, 2024
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Growth of microorganisms in the Southern Ocean is limited by low iron levels. Iron delivered from beneath the Antarctic Ice Sheet is one agent that fertilizes these ecosystems, but it is unclear how this nutrient source changes through time. Here, we measured the age and chemistry of a rock that records the iron concentration of Antarctic basal water. We show that increased dissolution of iron from rocks below the ice sheet can substantially enhance iron discharge during cold climate periods.
Stephen E. Cox, Hayden B. D. Miller, Florian Hofmann, and Kenneth A. Farley
Geochronology, 4, 551–560, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-551-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-551-2022, 2022
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Noble gases are largely excluded from minerals during rock formation, but they are produced by certain radioactive decay schemes and trapped in mineral lattices. However, they are present in the atmosphere, which means that they can be adsorbed or trapped by physical processes. We present details of a troublesome trapping mechanism for helium during sample crushing and show when it can be ignored and how it can be easily avoided during common laboratory procedures.
Tamara Pico, Jane Willenbring, April S. Dalton, and Sidney Hemming
Clim. Past Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2021-132, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2021-132, 2021
Manuscript not accepted for further review
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We present data from fieldwork completed in 2002 for a glacial lake in the Torngat Mountains (Northern Quebec and Labrador, Canada). We dated the lake to ~56 ± 3 ka and estimated the freshwater volume that may have been released during an outburst flood. The location of this glacial lake is surprising because the Torngat Mountains are considered a site of glacial inception, and this shoreline suggests the region was not ice-covered throughout the North American ice sheet growth phase.
E. Troy Rasbury, Theodore M. Present, Paul Northrup, Ryan V. Tappero, Antonio Lanzirotti, Jennifer M. Cole, Kathleen M. Wooton, and Kevin Hatton
Geochronology, 3, 103–122, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-3-103-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-3-103-2021, 2021
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We characterize three natural carbonate samples with elevated uranium/lead (U/Pb) ratios to demonstrate techniques improving the understanding of U incorporation in carbonates for U/Pb dating. With the rapidly accelerating application of laser ablation analyses, there is a great need for well-characterized reference materials that can serve multiple functions. Strontium (Sr) isotope analyses and U XANES demonstrate that these samples could be used as reference materials.
Xianghui Li, Jingyu Wang, Troy Rasbury, Min Zhou, Zhen Wei, and Chaokai Zhang
Clim. Past, 16, 2055–2074, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-2055-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-2055-2020, 2020
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This work presents the observation of the Early Jurassic terrestrial climate from the Sichuan paleobasin, southeastern China. Results manifest a (semi)arid climate in the study area, where the climate pattern is similar to the Colorado Plateau. The estimated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration is 980–2610 ppmV with a mean of 1660 ppmV. The change of carbon dioxide concentration is compatible with the excursions of stable isotopes and seawater temperature from the coeval marine sediments.
Stephen E. Cox, Sidney R. Hemming, and Damian Tootell
Geochronology, 2, 231–243, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-2-231-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-2-231-2020, 2020
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We show results from a new type of ion detector technology for mass spectrometry that allows us to measure ion beams more precisely. This technology expands the range of ages we can measure using a single instrument and makes it possible to measure those ages – including all required corrections and adjustments – with more confidence. We show measurements of widely used standard materials for Ar / Ar, including air and synthetic standard gas, to illustrate the capabilities of the new detectors.
Related subject area
Helium diffusion systems
The Geometric Correction Method for zircon (U–Th) ∕ He chronology: correcting systematic error and assigning uncertainties to alpha-ejection corrections and eU concentrations
Short communication: New analytical approach on (U-Th)/He dating of Fe-hydroxide with an example using goethite from the Amerasian Basin, Arctic Ocean
Technical note: In situ U–Th–He dating by 4He ∕ 3He laser microprobe analysis
A practical method for assigning uncertainty and improving the accuracy of alpha-ejection corrections and eU concentrations in apatite (U–Th) ∕ He chronology
Cosmogenic 3He paleothermometry on post-LGM glacial bedrock within the central European Alps
A revised alpha-ejection correction calculation for (U–Th) ∕ He thermochronology dates of broken apatite crystals
Short communication: Mechanism and prevention of irreversible trapping of atmospheric He during mineral crushing
Short communication: Modeling competing effects of cooling rate, grain size, and radiation damage in low-temperature thermochronometers
Resolving the effects of 2-D versus 3-D grain measurements on apatite (U–Th) ∕ He age data and reproducibility
Spencer D. Zeigler, Morgan Baker, James R. Metcalf, and Rebecca M. Flowers
Geochronology, 6, 199–226, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-6-199-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-6-199-2024, 2024
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(U–Th)/He chronology relies on accurate measurements of zircon grain dimensions, but the systematic error and uncertainty associated with those measurements have been unquantified until now. We build on the work of Zeigler et al. (2023) and present the zircon Geometric Correction Method, a simple solution to correcting the error and quantifying the geometric uncertainty in eU and dates. Including this geometric correction and uncertainty matters for data evaluation and interpretation.
Olga Valentinovna Yakubovich, Natalia Pavlovna Konstantinova, Maria Olegovna Anosova, Mary Markovna Podolskaya, and Elena Valerevna Adamskaya
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-992, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-992, 2024
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Goethite is one of the most common Fe- (oxy)hydroxide minerals which is formed during hydrolyzation of the rocks, implying it is a desired mineral for dating various surface and subsurface geological processes. Nowadays (U-Th)/He dating of goethite is widely used in geochronological studies. Here, on the example of goethite from the Chukchi Borderland, we introduce a new simple methodological approach for accurate (U-Th)/He dating of goethite.
Pieter Vermeesch, Yuntao Tian, Jae Schwanethal, and Yannick Buret
Geochronology, 5, 323–332, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-5-323-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-5-323-2023, 2023
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The U–Th–He method is a technique to determine the cooling history of minerals. Traditional approaches to U–Th–He dating are time-consuming and require handling strong acids and radioactive solutions. This paper presents an alternative approach in which samples are irradiated with protons and subsequently analysed by laser ablation mass spectrometry. Unlike previous in situ U–Th–He dating attempts, the new method does not require any absolute concentration measurements of U, Th, or He.
Spencer D. Zeigler, James R. Metcalf, and Rebecca M. Flowers
Geochronology, 5, 197–228, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-5-197-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-5-197-2023, 2023
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(U–Th) / He dating relies on proper characterization of apatite crystal dimensions so that eU concentrations and dates can be calculated accurately and precisely, but there is systematic error and uncertainty in geometric measurements. By comparing 2D microscopy to
true3D measurements, we present a simple solution to correcting the error and quantifying the geometric uncertainty in eU and dates. Including this geometric correction and uncertainty matters for data evaluation and interpretation.
Natacha Gribenski, Marissa M. Tremblay, Pierre G. Valla, Greg Balco, Benny Guralnik, and David L. Shuster
Geochronology, 4, 641–663, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-641-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-641-2022, 2022
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We apply quartz 3He paleothermometry along two deglaciation profiles in the European Alps to reconstruct temperature evolution since the Last Glacial Maximum. We observe a 3He thermal signal clearly colder than today in all bedrock surface samples exposed prior the Holocene. Current uncertainties in 3He diffusion kinetics do not permit distinguishing if this signal results from Late Pleistocene ambient temperature changes or from recent ground temperature variation due to permafrost degradation.
John J. Y. He and Peter W. Reiners
Geochronology, 4, 629–640, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-629-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-629-2022, 2022
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Apatite helium thermochronology is a method that dates the time at which a rock (and the apatite crystals contained within) cooled below a certain temperature by measuring radioactive parent isotopes (uranium and thorium) and daughter isotopes (helium). This paper proposes a revision to a commonly used calculation that corrects raw data to account for instances when the analyzed apatite crystals are fragmented. It demonstrates the improved accuracy and precision of the proposed revision.
Stephen E. Cox, Hayden B. D. Miller, Florian Hofmann, and Kenneth A. Farley
Geochronology, 4, 551–560, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-551-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-551-2022, 2022
Short summary
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Noble gases are largely excluded from minerals during rock formation, but they are produced by certain radioactive decay schemes and trapped in mineral lattices. However, they are present in the atmosphere, which means that they can be adsorbed or trapped by physical processes. We present details of a troublesome trapping mechanism for helium during sample crushing and show when it can be ignored and how it can be easily avoided during common laboratory procedures.
David M. Whipp, Dawn A. Kellett, Isabelle Coutand, and Richard A. Ketcham
Geochronology, 4, 143–152, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-143-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-143-2022, 2022
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Multi-thermochronometry, in which methods such as (U-Th)/He dating of zircon and apatite and apatite fission track dating are combined, is used to reconstruct rock thermal histories. Our ability to reconstruct thermal histories and interpret the geological significance of measured ages requires modeling. Here we use forward models to explore effects of grain size and chemistry on cooling ages and closure temperatures for the (U-Th)/He decay systems in apatite and zircon.
Emily H. G. Cooperdock, Richard A. Ketcham, and Daniel F. Stockli
Geochronology, 1, 17–41, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-1-17-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-1-17-2019, 2019
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(U–Th) / He chronometry relies on accurate grain-specific size and shape measurements. Using > 100 apatite grains to compare
assumed2-D versus
true3-D grain shapes measured by a microscope and X-ray computed tomography, respectively, we find that volume and surface area both differ by ~ 25 % between the two techniques and directly affect mass and concentration measurements. But we found a very small effect on the FT correction (2 %) and no discernible impact on mean sample age or dispersion.
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Short summary
We have discovered a new way of measuring the three-dimensional distribution of radioactive elements in individual crystals by shining a very bright light on apatite crystals at the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory. This allows us to learn about the rates and timing of geologic processes and to help resolve problems that previously were unsolvable because we had no way to make this type of measurement.
We have discovered a new way of measuring the three-dimensional distribution of radioactive...