Articles | Volume 4, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-409-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-409-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
23 Jun 2022
Research article |
| 23 Jun 2022
| 23 Jun 2022
A Bayesian approach to integrating radiometric dating and varve measurements in intermittently indistinct sediment
School of Earth and Sustainability, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
Nicholas P. McKay
School of Earth and Sustainability, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
Charlotte Wiman
Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Northeastern University, Marine Science Center, Nahant, MA 01908, USA
Sela Patterson
School of Earth and Sustainability, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
Samuel E. Munoz
Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Northeastern University, Marine Science Center, Nahant, MA 01908, USA
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Marco A. Aquino-López
Centro de Investigación en Matemáticas (CIMAT), Jalisco s/n, Valenciana, 36023 Guanajuato, Gto, Mexico
Related authors
Cody C. Routson, Darrell S. Kaufman, Nicholas P. McKay, Michael P. Erb, Stéphanie H. Arcusa, Kendrick J. Brown, Matthew E. Kirby, Jeremiah P. Marsicek, R. Scott Anderson, Gonzalo Jiménez-Moreno, Jessica R. Rodysill, Matthew S. Lachniet, Sherilyn C. Fritz, Joseph R. Bennett, Michelle F. Goman, Sarah E. Metcalfe, Jennifer M. Galloway, Gerrit Schoups, David B. Wahl, Jesse L. Morris, Francisca Staines-Urías, Andria Dawson, Bryan N. Shuman, Daniel G. Gavin, Jeffrey S. Munroe, and Brian F. Cumming
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 1613–1632, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-1613-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-1613-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We present a curated database of western North American Holocene paleoclimate records, which have been screened on length, resolution, and geochronology. The database gathers paleoclimate time series that reflect temperature, hydroclimate, or circulation features from terrestrial and marine sites, spanning a region from Mexico to Alaska. This publicly accessible collection will facilitate a broad range of paleoclimate inquiry.
Ellie Broadman, Lorna L. Thurston, Erik Schiefer, Nicholas P. McKay, David Fortin, Jason Geck, Michael G. Loso, Matt Nolan, Stéphanie H. Arcusa, Christopher W. Benson, Rebecca A. Ellerbroek, Michael P. Erb, Cody C. Routson, Charlotte Wiman, A. Jade Wong, and Darrell S. Kaufman
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 11, 1957–1970, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-1957-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-1957-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Rapid climate warming is impacting physical processes in Arctic environments. Glacier–fed lakes are influenced by many of these processes, and they are impacted by the changing behavior of weather, glaciers, and rivers. We present data from weather stations, river gauging stations, lake moorings, and more, following 4 years of environmental monitoring in the watershed of Lake Peters, a glacier–fed lake in Arctic Alaska. These data can help us study the changing dynamics of this remote setting.
Alice Paine, Joost Frieling, Timothy Shanahan, Tamsin Mather, Nicholas McKay, Stuart Robinson, David Pyle, Isabel Fendley, Ruth Kiely, and William Gosling
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2123, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2123, 2024
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Climate of the Past (CP).
Short summary
Short summary
Few tropical Hg records extend beyond ~12 ka, meaning our current understanding of Hg behaviour may not fully account for the impact of long-term hydroclimate changes on the Hg cycle in these environments. Here, we present a ~96,000-year Hg record from Lake Bosumtwi, Ghana. A coupled response is observed between Hg flux and shifts in sediment composition reflective of changes in lake level, and suggesting that hydroclimate may be a key driver of tropical Hg cycling over millennial-timescales.
Michelle O'Donnell, Kelsey Murphy, James Doss-Gollin, Sylvia Dee, and Samuel Munoz
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2024-153, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2024-153, 2024
Preprint under review for HESS
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate the skill of CESM1 in simulating hydrologic processes over the Mississippi River basin. Model simulated discharge is seasonally delayed relative to observations: model biases are diagnosed using hydroclimate variables from reanalysis data and attributed primarily to precipitation and runoff related processes. We also show that the seasonality of simulated runoff in several CMIP6 models is improved relative to CESM1.
Christopher L. Hancock, Michael P. Erb, Nicholas P. McKay, and Sylvia G. Dee
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-746, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-746, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We reconstruct global hydroclimate anomalies for the past 21,000 years using a data assimilation methodology blending observations recorded in lake sediments with the climate dynamics simulated by climate models. The reconstruction resolves data-model disagreement in East Africa and North America, and we find that changing global temperatures and associated circulation patterns as well as orbital forcing are the dominant controls on global precipitation over this interval.
Joeri B. Reinders and Samuel E. Munoz
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 28, 217–227, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-217-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-217-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Flooding presents a major hazard for people and infrastructure along waterways; however, it is challenging to study the likelihood of a flood magnitude occurring regionally due to a lack of long discharge records. We show that hydroclimatic variables like Köppen climate regions and precipitation intensity explain part of the variance in flood frequency distributions and thus reduce the uncertainty of flood probability estimates. This gives water managers a tool to locally improve flood analysis.
Rachel M. Walter, Hussein R. Sayani, Thomas Felis, Kim M. Cobb, Nerilie J. Abram, Ariella K. Arzey, Alyssa R. Atwood, Logan D. Brenner, Émilie P. Dassié, Kristine L. DeLong, Bethany Ellis, Julien Emile-Geay, Matthew J. Fischer, Nathalie F. Goodkin, Jessica A. Hargreaves, K. Halimeda Kilbourne, Hedwig Krawczyk, Nicholas P. McKay, Andrea L. Moore, Sujata A. Murty, Maria Rosabelle Ong, Riovie D. Ramos, Emma V. Reed, Dhrubajyoti Samanta, Sara C. Sanchez, Jens Zinke, and the PAGES CoralHydro2k Project Members
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 2081–2116, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2081-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2081-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Accurately quantifying how the global hydrological cycle will change in the future remains challenging due to the limited availability of historical climate data from the tropics. Here we present the CoralHydro2k database – a new compilation of peer-reviewed coral-based climate records from the last 2000 years. This paper details the records included in the database and where the database can be accessed and demonstrates how the database can investigate past tropical climate variability.
Jan Petřík, Katarína Adameková, Sándor Kele, Rastislav Milovský, Libor Petr, Peter Tóth, and Nicholas McKay
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-118, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-118, 2023
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
Our analysis of the Santovka sedimentary record in Slovakia uncovered two major climate shifts at 8.2 and 7.4 ka BP. These shifts likely impacted temperature and humidity, and/or air mass circulation, and were caused by the drying of the lake at 7.4 ka BP. The sedimentary infill provides important information on the region's past climate, and future research must focus on its impact on the last hunter gatherers and first farmers in the context of spreading agriculture in Europe.
Michael P. Erb, Nicholas P. McKay, Nathan Steiger, Sylvia Dee, Chris Hancock, Ruza F. Ivanovic, Lauren J. Gregoire, and Paul Valdes
Clim. Past, 18, 2599–2629, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-2599-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-2599-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
To look at climate over the past 12 000 years, we reconstruct spatial temperature using natural climate archives and information from model simulations. Our results show mild global mean warmth around 6000 years ago, which differs somewhat from past reconstructions. Undiagnosed seasonal biases in the data could explain some of the observed temperature change, but this still would not explain the large difference between many reconstructions and climate models over this period.
Darrell S. Kaufman and Nicholas P. McKay
Clim. Past, 18, 911–917, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-911-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-911-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Global mean surface temperatures are rising to levels unprecedented in over 100 000 years. This conclusion takes into account both recent global warming and likely future warming, which thereby enables a direct comparison with paleotemperature reconstructions on multi-century timescales.
Cody C. Routson, Darrell S. Kaufman, Nicholas P. McKay, Michael P. Erb, Stéphanie H. Arcusa, Kendrick J. Brown, Matthew E. Kirby, Jeremiah P. Marsicek, R. Scott Anderson, Gonzalo Jiménez-Moreno, Jessica R. Rodysill, Matthew S. Lachniet, Sherilyn C. Fritz, Joseph R. Bennett, Michelle F. Goman, Sarah E. Metcalfe, Jennifer M. Galloway, Gerrit Schoups, David B. Wahl, Jesse L. Morris, Francisca Staines-Urías, Andria Dawson, Bryan N. Shuman, Daniel G. Gavin, Jeffrey S. Munroe, and Brian F. Cumming
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 1613–1632, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-1613-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-1613-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We present a curated database of western North American Holocene paleoclimate records, which have been screened on length, resolution, and geochronology. The database gathers paleoclimate time series that reflect temperature, hydroclimate, or circulation features from terrestrial and marine sites, spanning a region from Mexico to Alaska. This publicly accessible collection will facilitate a broad range of paleoclimate inquiry.
Nicholas P. McKay, Julien Emile-Geay, and Deborah Khider
Geochronology, 3, 149–169, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-3-149-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-3-149-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This paper describes geoChronR, an R package that streamlines the process of quantifying age uncertainties, propagating uncertainties through several common analyses, and visualizing the results. In addition to describing the structure and underlying theory of the package, we present five real-world use cases that illustrate common workflows in geoChronR. geoChronR is built on the Linked PaleoData framework, is open and extensible, and we welcome feedback and contributions from the community.
Chris S. M. Turney, Richard T. Jones, Nicholas P. McKay, Erik van Sebille, Zoë A. Thomas, Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, and Christopher J. Fogwill
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 12, 3341–3356, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-3341-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-3341-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The Last Interglacial (129–116 ka) experienced global temperatures and sea levels higher than today. The direct contribution of warmer conditions to global sea level (thermosteric) are uncertain. We report a global network of sea surface temperatures. We find mean global annual temperature anomalies of 0.2 ± 0.1˚C and an early maximum peak of 0.9 ± 0.1˚C. Our reconstruction suggests warmer waters contributed on average 0.08 ± 0.1 m and a peak contribution of 0.39 ± 0.1 m to global sea level.
Chris M. Brierley, Anni Zhao, Sandy P. Harrison, Pascale Braconnot, Charles J. R. Williams, David J. R. Thornalley, Xiaoxu Shi, Jean-Yves Peterschmitt, Rumi Ohgaito, Darrell S. Kaufman, Masa Kageyama, Julia C. Hargreaves, Michael P. Erb, Julien Emile-Geay, Roberta D'Agostino, Deepak Chandan, Matthieu Carré, Partrick J. Bartlein, Weipeng Zheng, Zhongshi Zhang, Qiong Zhang, Hu Yang, Evgeny M. Volodin, Robert A. Tomas, Cody Routson, W. Richard Peltier, Bette Otto-Bliesner, Polina A. Morozova, Nicholas P. McKay, Gerrit Lohmann, Allegra N. Legrande, Chuncheng Guo, Jian Cao, Esther Brady, James D. Annan, and Ayako Abe-Ouchi
Clim. Past, 16, 1847–1872, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-1847-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-1847-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
This paper provides an initial exploration and comparison to climate reconstructions of the new climate model simulations of the mid-Holocene (6000 years ago). These use state-of-the-art models developed for CMIP6 and apply the same experimental set-up. The models capture several key aspects of the climate, but some persistent issues remain.
Bronwen L. Konecky, Nicholas P. McKay, Olga V. Churakova (Sidorova), Laia Comas-Bru, Emilie P. Dassié, Kristine L. DeLong, Georgina M. Falster, Matt J. Fischer, Matthew D. Jones, Lukas Jonkers, Darrell S. Kaufman, Guillaume Leduc, Shreyas R. Managave, Belen Martrat, Thomas Opel, Anais J. Orsi, Judson W. Partin, Hussein R. Sayani, Elizabeth K. Thomas, Diane M. Thompson, Jonathan J. Tyler, Nerilie J. Abram, Alyssa R. Atwood, Olivier Cartapanis, Jessica L. Conroy, Mark A. Curran, Sylvia G. Dee, Michael Deininger, Dmitry V. Divine, Zoltán Kern, Trevor J. Porter, Samantha L. Stevenson, Lucien von Gunten, and Iso2k Project Members
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 12, 2261–2288, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-2261-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-2261-2020, 2020
Lukas Jonkers, Olivier Cartapanis, Michael Langner, Nick McKay, Stefan Mulitza, Anne Strack, and Michal Kucera
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 12, 1053–1081, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-1053-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-1053-2020, 2020
Ellie Broadman, Lorna L. Thurston, Erik Schiefer, Nicholas P. McKay, David Fortin, Jason Geck, Michael G. Loso, Matt Nolan, Stéphanie H. Arcusa, Christopher W. Benson, Rebecca A. Ellerbroek, Michael P. Erb, Cody C. Routson, Charlotte Wiman, A. Jade Wong, and Darrell S. Kaufman
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 11, 1957–1970, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-1957-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-1957-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Rapid climate warming is impacting physical processes in Arctic environments. Glacier–fed lakes are influenced by many of these processes, and they are impacted by the changing behavior of weather, glaciers, and rivers. We present data from weather stations, river gauging stations, lake moorings, and more, following 4 years of environmental monitoring in the watershed of Lake Peters, a glacier–fed lake in Arctic Alaska. These data can help us study the changing dynamics of this remote setting.
Liviu Giosan, William D. Orsi, Marco Coolen, Cornelia Wuchter, Ann G. Dunlea, Kaustubh Thirumalai, Samuel E. Munoz, Peter D. Clift, Jeffrey P. Donnelly, Valier Galy, and Dorian Q. Fuller
Clim. Past, 14, 1669–1686, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-1669-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-1669-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Climate reorganization during the early neoglacial anomaly (ENA) may explain the Harappan civilization metamorphosis from an urban, expansive culture to a rural, geographically-confined one. Landcover change is a candidate for causing this climate instability. During ENA agriculture along the flood-deficient floodplains of the Indus became too risky, which pushed people out. In the same time the Himalayan piedmont received augmented winter rain and steady summer precipitation, pulling people in.
Richard H. Levy, Gavin B. Dunbar, Marcus J. Vandergoes, Jamie D. Howarth, Tony Kingan, Alex R. Pyne, Grant Brotherston, Michael Clarke, Bob Dagg, Matthew Hill, Evan Kenton, Steve Little, Darcy Mandeno, Chris Moy, Philip Muldoon, Patrick Doyle, Conrad Raines, Peter Rutland, Delia Strong, Marianna Terezow, Leise Cochrane, Remo Cossu, Sean Fitzsimons, Fabio Florindo, Alexander L. Forrest, Andrew R. Gorman, Darrell S. Kaufman, Min Kyung Lee, Xun Li, Pontus Lurcock, Nicholas McKay, Faye Nelson, Jennifer Purdie, Heidi A. Roop, S. Geoffrey Schladow, Abha Sood, Phaedra Upton, Sharon L. Walker, and Gary S. Wilson
Sci. Dril., 24, 41–50, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-24-41-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-24-41-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
A new annually resolvable sedimentary record of southern hemisphere climate has been recovered from Lake Ohau, South Island, New Zealand. The Lake Ohau Climate History (LOCH) Project acquired cores from two sites that preserve an 80 m thick sequence of laminated mud that accumulated since the lake formed ~ 17 000 years ago. Cores were recovered using a purpose-built barge and drilling system designed to recover soft sediment from relatively thick sedimentary sequences at water depths up to 100 m.
Bryan N. Shuman, Cody Routson, Nicholas McKay, Sherilyn Fritz, Darrell Kaufman, Matthew E. Kirby, Connor Nolan, Gregory T. Pederson, and Jeannine-Marie St-Jacques
Clim. Past, 14, 665–686, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-665-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-665-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
A synthesis of 93 published records reveals that moisture availability increased over large portions of North America over the past 2000 years, the Common Era (CE). In many records, the second millennium CE tended to be wetter than the first millennium CE. The long-term changes formed the background for annual to multi-decade variations, such as "mega-droughts", and also provide a context for amplified rates of hydrologic change today.
Nicholas P. McKay and Julien Emile-Geay
Clim. Past, 12, 1093–1100, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-1093-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-1093-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The lack of accepted data formats and data standards in paleoclimatology is a growing problem that slows progress in the field. Here, we propose a preliminary data standard for paleoclimate data, general enough to accommodate all the proxy and measurement types encountered in a large international collaboration (PAGES 2k). We also introduce a data format for such structured data (Linked Paleo Data, or LiPD), leveraging recent advances in knowledge representation (Linked Open Data).
H. S. Sundqvist, D. S. Kaufman, N. P. McKay, N. L. Balascio, J. P. Briner, L. C. Cwynar, H. P. Sejrup, H. Seppä, D. A. Subetto, J. T. Andrews, Y. Axford, J. Bakke, H. J. B. Birks, S. J. Brooks, A. de Vernal, A. E. Jennings, F. C. Ljungqvist, K. M. Rühland, C. Saenger, J. P. Smol, and A. E. Viau
Clim. Past, 10, 1605–1631, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-1605-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-1605-2014, 2014
Related subject area
Stratigraphic/cyclostratigraphic
Evaluating manual versus automated benthic foraminiferal δ18O alignment techniques for developing chronostratigraphies in marine sediment records
Bayesian integration of astrochronology and radioisotope geochronology
Cyclostratigraphy of the Middle to Upper Ordovician successions of the Armorican Massif (western France) using portable X-ray fluorescence
Jennifer L. Middleton, Julia Gottschalk, Gisela Winckler, Jean Hanley, Carol Knudson, Jesse R. Farmer, Frank Lamy, Lorraine E. Lisiecki, and Expedition 383 Scientists
Geochronology, 6, 125–145, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-6-125-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-6-125-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We present oxygen isotope data for a new sediment core from the South Pacific and assign ages to our record by aligning distinct patterns in observed oxygen isotope changes to independently dated target records with the same patterns. We examine the age uncertainties associated with this approach caused by human vs. automated alignment and the sensitivity of outcomes to the choice of alignment target. These efforts help us understand the timing of past climate changes.
Robin B. Trayler, Stephen R. Meyers, Bradley B. Sageman, and Mark D. Schmitz
Geochronology, 6, 107–123, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-6-107-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-6-107-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Developing models that relate stratigraphic position to time are important because they allow the rock record to be understood in terms of absolute time, allowing global comparisons. We developed a novel method for developing these models (called age–depth models) that uses two different types of chronologic information, dated rocks, and records of variations in the Earth's orbit (astrochronology). The resulting models are very precise, which can improve understanding of past climates.
Matthias Sinnesael, Alfredo Loi, Marie-Pierre Dabard, Thijs R. A. Vandenbroucke, and Philippe Claeys
Geochronology, 4, 251–267, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-251-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-251-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We used new geochemical measurements to study the expression of astronomical climate cycles recorded in the Ordovician (~ 460 million years ago) geological sections of the Crozon Peninsula (France). This type of geological archive is not often studied in this way, but as they become more important going back in time, a better understanding of their potential astronomical cycles is crucial to advance our knowledge of deep-time climate dynamics and to construct high-resolution timescales.
Cited articles
Appleby, P.:
Chronostratigraphic techniques in recent sediments, in Tracking Environmental Change Using Lake Sediments, Volume 1, edited by: Last, W. and Smol, J. P., Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 171–203, 2001.
Appleby, P. G. and Oldfield, F.:
The calculation of lead-210 dates assuming a constant rate of supply of unsupported 210Pb to the sediment, CATENA, 5, 1–8, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0341-8162(78)80002-2, 1978.
Aquino-López, M. A., Blaauw, M., Christen, J. A., and Sanderson, N. K.:
Bayesian Analysis of 210Pb Dating, J. Agr. Biol. Envir. St., 23, 317–333, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13253-018-0328-7, 2018.
Arcusa, S.: sarcusa/varveR_Gibbs: Supporting code for New approaches to dating intermittently varved sediment, Columbine lake, Colorado, USA (v.2.0.0), Zenodo [code], https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4744871, 2021a.
Arcusa, S.: Columbine Lake LiPD and Bacon files, figshare [data set], https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.14417999.v1, 2021b.
Arcusa, S. H., McKay, N. P., Routson, C. C., and Munoz, S. E.:
Dust-drought interactions over the last 15,000 years: A network of lake sediment records from the San Juan Mountains, Colorado, Holocene, 30, 559–574, https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683619875192, 2019a.
Arcusa, S. H., McKay, N. P., Routson, C. C., and Munoz, S. E.: Measurements_supplement_revised – Supplemental material for Dust-drought interactions over the last 15 000 years: A network of lake sediment records from the San Juan Mountains, Colorado, SAGE Journals [data set], https://doi.org/10.25384/sage.9879209.v1, 2019b.
Arcusa, S. H., Schneider, T., Mosquera, P. V., Vogel, H., Kaufman, D. S., Szidat, S., and Grosjean, M.:
Late Holocene tephrostratigraphy from Cajas National Park, southern Ecuador, Andean Geol., 47, 508–528, https://doi.org/10.5027/andgeoV47n3-3301, 2020.
Arcusa, S., Patterson, S., Mckay, N., Munoz, S., Aquino-López, M. A., and Wiman, C.: Columbine Lake varve measurements from observer 1, 2, and 3, figshare [data set], https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.14251400.v1, 2021a.
Arcusa, S., Mckay, N., Wiman, C., Munoz, S. E., Patterson, S., and Aquino-López, M. A.: Columbine Lake lead models from serac package, figshare [data set], https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.17156702.v1, 2021b.
Arcusa, S., Mckay, N., Aquino-López, M. A., Munoz, S. E., Wiman, C., and Patterson, S.: Columbine Lake cesium raw data, figshare [data set], https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.17157245.v1, 2021c.
Blaauw, M. and Christen, J. A.:
Flexible paleoclimate age-depth models using an autoregressive gamma process, Bayesian Anal., 6, 457–474, https://doi.org/10.1214/11-BA618, 2011.
Blockley, S. P. E., Ramsey, C. B., Lane, C. S., and Lotter, A. F.:
Improved age modelling approaches as exemplified by the revised chronology for the Central European varved lake Soppensee, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 27, 61–71, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2007.01.018, 2008.
Boers, N., Goswami, B., and Ghil, M.:
A complete representation of uncertainties in layer-counted paleoclimatic archives, Clim. Past, 13, 1169–1180, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-1169-2017, 2017.
Boes, E., Van Daele, M., Moernaut, J., Schmidt, S., Jensen, B. J. L., Praet, N., Kaufman, D., Haeussler, P., Loso, M. G., and De Batist, M.:
Varve formation during the past three centuries in three large proglacial lakes in south-central Alaska, GSA Bulletin, 130, 757–774, https://doi.org/10.1130/B31792.1, 2018.
Bonk, A., Tylmann, W., Goslar, T., Wacnik, A., and Grosjean, M.:
Comparing varve counting and 14C-AMS chronologies in the sediments of lake Żabińskie, Northeastern Poland: Implications for accurate 14C dating of lake sediments, Geochronometria, 42, 159–171, 2015.
Brauer, A., Hajdas, I., Blockley, S. P. E., Bronk Ramsey, C., Christl, M., Ivy-Ochs, S., Moseley, G. E., Nowaczyk, N. N., Rasmussen, S. O., Roberts, H. M., Spötl, C., Staff, R. A., and Svensson, A.:
The importance of independent chronology in integrating records of past climate change for the 60–8 ka INTIMATE time interval, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 106, 47–66, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.07.006, 2014.
Bronk Ramsey, C.:
Radiocarbon calibration and analysis of stratigraphy: the OxCal program, Radiocarbon, 37, 425–430, 1995.
Bruel, R. and Sabatier, P.:
serac: a R package for ShortlivEd RAdionuclide Chronology of recent sediment cores, Earth ArXiv, 1–38, https://doi.org/10.31223/osf.io/f4yma, 2020.
Buck, C. E., Higham, T. F. G., and Lowe, D. J.:
Bayesian tools for tephrochronology, Holocene, 13, 639–647, https://doi.org/10.1191/0959683603hl652ft, 2003.
Carrara, P.:
Deglaciation and postglacial treeline fluctuation in the northern San Juan Mountains, Colorado, U.S. Geol. Soc. Prof. Pap. 1782, 1–48, U.S. Department of the Interior and U.S. Geological Survey, http://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1782/ (last access: 14 June 2022), 2011.
Dräger, N., Theuerkauf, M., Szeroczyńska, K., Wulf, S., Tjallingii, R., Plessen, B., Kienel, U., and Brauer, A.:
Varve microfacies and varve preservation record of climate change and human impact for the last 6000 years at Lake Tiefer See (NE Germany), Holocene, 27, 450–464, https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683616660173, 2017.
Fortin, D., Praet, N., McKay, N. P., Kaufman, D. S., Jensen, B. J. L., Haeussler, P. J., Buchanan, C., and De Batist, M.:
New approach to assessing age uncertainties – The 2300-year varve chronology from Eklutna Lake, Alaska (USA), Quaternary Sci. Rev., 203, 90–101, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.10.018, 2019.
Geyh, M., Schotterer, U., and Grosjean, M.:
Temporal changes of the 14C reservoir effect in lakes, Radiocarbon, 40, 921–931, 1998.
Geyh, M. A., Grosjean, M., Núñez, L., and Schotterer, U.:
Radiocarbon reservoir effect and the timing of the late-glacial/early Holocene humid phase in the Atacama Desert (Northern Chile), Quaternary Res., 52, 143–153, https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.1999.2060, 1999.
Hughen, K. A., Southon, J. R., Bertrand, C. J. H., Frantz, B., and Zermeño, P.:
Cariaco basin calibration update: Revisions to calendar and 14C chronologies for core PL07-58PC, Radiocarbon, 46, 1161–1187, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200033075, 2004.
Krishnaswamy, S., Lal, D., Martin, J. M., and Meybeck, M.:
Geochronology of lake sediments, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 11, 407–414, https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(71)90202-0, 1971.
Lamoureux, S. F.:
Embedding unfrozen lake sediments for thin section preparation, J. Paleolimnol., 10, 141–146, 1994.
Lamoureux, S. F.:
Varve chronology techniques, in: Developments in Paleoenvironmental Research (DPER), Tracking Environ- mental Change Using Lake Sediments: Basin Analysis, Coring, and Chronological Techniques, vol. 1., edited by: Last, W. M. and Smol, J. P., Kluwer, Dordrecht, 247–260, https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47669-X_11, 2001.
Lima, A. L., Hubeny, J. B., Reddy, C. M., King, J. W., Hughen, K. A., and Eglinton, T. I.:
High-resolution historical records from Pettaquamscutt River basin sediments: 1. 210Pb and varve chronologies validate record of 137Cs released by the Chernobyl accident, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 69, 1803–1812, 2005.
Lipman, P. W. and Mcintosh, W. C.:
Tertiary Volcanism in the Eastern San Juan Mountains, in: The Eastern San Juan Mountains: Their Geology, Ecology, Human History, edited by: Blair, R. and Bracksieck, G., University Press of Colorado, ISBN 978-1-60732-084-5, 2011.
McKay, N. and Arcusa, S.: nickmckay/varveR: Release for Arcusa et al. Columbine Varve Manuscript (0.1.0), Zenodo [code], https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4733326, 2021.
McKay, N. P., Emile-Geay, J., and Khider, D.:
geoChronR – an R package to model, analyze, and visualize age-uncertain data, Geochronology, 3, 149–169, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-3-149-2021, 2021.
Ojala, A. E. K. and Tiljander, M.:
Testing the fidelity of sediment chronology: Comparison of varve and paleomagnetic results from Holocene Lake sediments from central Finland, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 22, 1787–1803, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-3791(03)00140-9, 2003.
Ojala, A. E. K., Francus, P., Zolitschka, B., Besonen, M., and Lamoureux, S. F.:
Characteristics of sedimentary varve chronologies – A review, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 43, 45–60, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.04.006, 2012.
Omelchenko A., Lockhart W. L., and Wilkinson1 P.:
Depositional Characteristics of Lake Sediments in Canada as Determined by Pb-210 and Cs-137, in: Modern Tools and Methods of Water Treatment for Improving Living Standards, NATO Science Series (Series IV: Earth and Environmental Series), vol 48, edited by: Omelchenko A., Pivovarov A. A., Swindall W. J., Springer, Dordrecht, https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3116-5_2, 2005.
Preibisch, S., Saalfeld, S., and Tomancak, P.:
Globally optimal stitching of tiled 3D microscopic image acquisitions, Bioinformatics, 25, 1463–1465, https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btp184, 2009.
Ramisch, A., Brauser, A., Dorn, M., Blanchet, C., Brademann, B., Köppl, M., Mingram, J., Neugebauer, I., Nowaczyk, N., Ott, F., Pinkerneil, S., Plessen, B., Schwab, M. J., Tjallingii, R., and Brauer, A.: VARDA (VARved sediments DAtabase) – providing and connecting proxy data from annually laminated lake sediments, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 12, 2311–2332, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-2311-2020, 2020.
R Core Team: R: A language and environment for statistical computing, R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria, https://www.R-project.org/ (last access: 15 June 2022), 2021.
Routson, C. C., Overpeck, J. T., Woodhouse, C. A., and Kenney, W. F.:
Three millennia of southwestern north American dustiness and future implications, PLoS One, 11, 1–20, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0149573, 2016.
Routson, C. C., Arcusa, S. H., McKay, N. P., and Overpeck, J. T.:
A 4500-year-long record of southern Rocky Mountain dust deposition, Geophys. Res. Lett., 46, 2019GL083255, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL083255, 2019.
Schlolaut, G., Marshall, M. H., Brauer, A., Nakagawa, T., Lamb, H. F., Staff, R. A., Bronk Ramsey, C., Bryant, C. L., Brock, F., Kossler, A., Tarasov, P. E., Yokoyama, Y., Tada, R., and Haraguchi, T.:
An automated method for varve interpolation and its application to the Late Glacial chronology from Lake Suigetsu, Japan, Quat. Geochronol., 13, 52–69, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2012.07.005, 2012.
Schneider, T., Hampel, H., Mosquera, P. V., Tylmann, W., and Grosjean, M.:
Paleo-ENSO revisited: Ecuadorian Lake Pallcacocha does not reveal a conclusive El Niño signal, Global Planet. Change, 168, 54–66, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2018.06.004, 2018.
Tian, J., Brown, T. A., and Hu, F. S.:
Comparison of varve and 14C chronologies from Steel Lake, Minnesota, USA, Holocene, 15, 510–517, https://doi.org/10.1191/0959683605hl828rp, 2005.
Zander, P. D., Szidat, S., Kaufman, D. S., Żarczyński, M., Poraj-Górska, A. I., Boltshauser-Kaltenrieder, P., and Grosjean, M.: Miniature radiocarbon measurements (< 150 µg C) from sediments of Lake Żabińskie, Poland: effect of precision and dating density on age–depth models, Geochronology, 2, 63–79, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-2-63-2020, 2020.
Żarczyński, M., Tylmann, W., and Goslar, T.:
Multiple varve chronologies for the last 2000 years from the sediments of Lake Żabińskie (northeastern Poland) – Comparison of strategies for varve counting and uncertainty estimations, Quat. Geochronol., 47, 107–119, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2018.06.001, 2018.
Zimmerman, S. R. H. and Wahl, D. B.:
Holocene paleoclimate change in the western US: The importance of chronology in discerning patterns and drivers, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 246, 106487, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106487, 2020.
Zolitschka, B., Francus, P., Ojala, A. E. K., and Schimmelmann, A.:
Varves in lake sediments – a review, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 117, 1–41, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.03.019, 2015.
Short summary
Annually banded lake sediment can track environmental change with high resolution in locations where alternatives are not available. Yet, information about chronology is often affected by poor appearance. Traditional methods struggle with these records. To overcome this obstacle we demonstrate a Bayesian approach that combines information from radiocarbon dating and laminations on cores from Columbine Lake, Colorado, expanding possibilities for producing high-resolution records globally.
Annually banded lake sediment can track environmental change with high resolution in locations...
