Articles | Volume 4, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-353-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-353-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
08 Jun 2022
Research article |
| 08 Jun 2022
| 08 Jun 2022
In situ Lu–Hf geochronology of calcite
Alexander Simpson
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Earth Sciences, School of Physical Sciences, The
University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA-5005, Australia
Mineral Exploration Cooperative Research Centre (MinEx CRC), The
University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA-5005, Australia
Stijn Glorie
Department of Earth Sciences, School of Physical Sciences, The
University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA-5005, Australia
Mineral Exploration Cooperative Research Centre (MinEx CRC), The
University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA-5005, Australia
Martin Hand
Department of Earth Sciences, School of Physical Sciences, The
University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA-5005, Australia
Mineral Exploration Cooperative Research Centre (MinEx CRC), The
University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA-5005, Australia
Carl Spandler
Department of Earth Sciences, School of Physical Sciences, The
University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA-5005, Australia
Sarah Gilbert
Adelaide Microscopy, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA-5005,
Australia
Brad Cave
Department of Earth Sciences, School of Physical Sciences, The
University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA-5005, Australia
Related authors
No articles found.
Alexander T. De Vries Van Leeuwen, Stijn Glorie, Martin Hand, Jacob Mulder, and Sarah E. Gilbert
Geochronology Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-2024-29, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-2024-29, 2024
Preprint under review for GChron
Short summary
Short summary
In this contribution we demonstrate in situ monazite Lu–Hf dating and compare results with U–Th–Pb dating. We present data from monazite reference materials and complex samples to demonstrate the viability of this method. We show that in situ Lu–Hf dating of monazite can resolve multiple age populations and may find use where the U–Th–Pb system is compromised by Pb-loss, non-radiogenic Pb contamination, excess 206 Pb, low U contents, or a combination of these factors.
Jarred Cain Lloyd, Carl Spandler, Sarah E. Gilbert, and Derrick Hasterok
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2908, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2908, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Laser-based dating of rocks and minerals is invaluable in geoscience. This study presents a significant advancement in our ability to model and correct for a process called downhole fractionation (DHF) that can impact the accuracy and uncertainty of dates. We develop an algorithm that quantitatively models DHF patterns. The implications are far-reaching: improved accuracy, reduced uncertainty, and easier comparisons between different samples and laboratories.
Jon Engström, Kathryn Cutts, Stijn Glorie, Esa Heilimo, Ester M. Jolis, and Radoslaw M. Michallik
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2034, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2034, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This paper describes migmatites and associated rocks in SW Finland that have been studied using the new in situ garnet and apatite Lu-Hf geochronology method. The metamorphic constraints and age presented in this paper enhance our understanding of the geological evolution in SW Finland. The results reveal detailed temporal constraints for the tectonic evolution that can be linked to major events in adjacent tectonic blocks in both Finland and Sweden during the Svecofennian orogeny.
Krisztián Szentpéteri, Kathryn Cutts, Stijn Glorie, Hugh O'Brien, Sari Lukkari, Radoslaw M. Michallik, and Alan Butcher
Eur. J. Mineral., 36, 433–448, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-36-433-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-36-433-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In situ Lu–Hf geochronology of garnet is applied to date a Finnish lithium–caesium–tantalum (LCT) pegmatite from the Somero–Tammela pegmatite region. The age obtained was 1801 ± 53 Ma, which is consistent with zircon ages of 1815–1740 Ma obtained from the same pegmatite. We show the in situ Lu–Hf method is a fast way of obtaining reliable age dates from LCT pegmatites.
Stijn Glorie, Sarah E. Gilbert, Martin Hand, and Jarred C. Lloyd
Geochronology, 6, 21–36, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-6-21-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-6-21-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Radiometric dating methods, involving laser ablation as the sample introduction, require robust calibrations to reference materials with similar ablation properties to the analysed samples. In the case of the rubidium–strontium dating method, calibrations are often conducted to nano powder with different ablation characteristics than the crystalline minerals. We describe the limitations of this approach and recommend an alternative calibration method involving natural minerals.
Darwinaji Subarkah, Angus L. Nixon, Monica Jimenez, Alan S. Collins, Morgan L. Blades, Juraj Farkaš, Sarah E. Gilbert, Simon Holford, and Amber Jarrett
Geochronology, 4, 577–600, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-577-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-577-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Advancements in technology have introduced new techniques to more quickly and cheaply date rocks with little sample preparation. A unique use of this method is to date shales and constrain when these rocks were first deposited. This approach can also time when such sequences were subsequently affected by heat or fluids after they were deposited. This is useful, as the formation of precious-metal-bearing systems or petroleum source rocks is commonly associated with such processes.
Related subject area
SIMS, LA-ICP-MS
Effect of chemical abrasion of zircon on SIMS U–Pb, δ18O, trace element, and LA-ICPMS trace element and Lu–Hf isotopic analyses
On the viability of detrital biotite Rb–Sr geochronology
Late Neogene terrestrial climate reconstruction of the central Namib Desert derived by the combination of U–Pb silcrete and terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide exposure dating
Examination of the accuracy of SHRIMP U–Pb geochronology based on samples dated by both SHRIMP and CA-TIMS
In situ U–Pb dating of 4 billion-year-old carbonates in the martian meteorite Allan Hills 84001
Constraining the geothermal parameters of in situ Rb–Sr dating on Proterozoic shales and their subsequent applications
Short communication: On the potential use of materials with heterogeneously distributed parent and daughter isotopes as primary standards for non-U–Pb geochronological applications of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS)
Calcite U–Pb dating of altered ancient oceanic crust in the North Pamir, Central Asia
Towards in situ U–Pb dating of dolomite
Uranium incorporation in fluorite and exploration of U–Pb dating
U − Pb geochronology of epidote by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) as a tool for dating hydrothermal-vein formation
Tools for uranium characterization in carbonate samples: case studies of natural U–Pb geochronology reference materials
Direct U–Pb dating of carbonates from micron-scale femtosecond laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry images using robust regression
Technical note: LA–ICP-MS U–Pb dating of unetched and etched apatites
The use of ASH-15 flowstone as a matrix-matched reference material for laser-ablation U − Pb geochronology of calcite
Expanding the limits of laser-ablation U–Pb calcite geochronology
Resolving multiple geological events using in situ Rb–Sr geochronology: implications for metallogenesis at Tropicana, Western Australia
LA-ICPMS U–Pb geochronology of detrital zircon grains from the Coconino, Moenkopi, and Chinle formations in the Petrified Forest National Park (Arizona)
Evaluating the reliability of U–Pb laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) carbonate geochronology: matrix issues and a potential calcite validation reference material
Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) U–Pb carbonate geochronology: strategies, progress, and limitations
Cate Kooymans, Charles W. Magee Jr., Kathryn Waltenberg, Noreen J. Evans, Simon Bodorkos, Yuri Amelin, Sandra L. Kamo, and Trevor Ireland
Geochronology, 6, 337–363, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-6-337-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-6-337-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Zircon is a mineral where uranium decays to lead. Some radiation damage lets lead escape. A method called chemical abrasion (CA) dissolves out the damaged portions of zircon so that remaining zircon retains lead. We compare ion beam analyses of untreated and chemically abraded zircons. The ion beam ages for untreated zircons match the reference values for untreated zircon. The ion beam ages for CA zircon match CA reference ages. Other elements are unaffected by the chemical abrasion process.
Kyle P. Larson, Brendan Dyck, Sudip Shrestha, Mark Button, and Yani Najman
Geochronology, 6, 303–312, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-6-303-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-6-303-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study demonstrates the utility of laser-ablation-based detrital biotite Rb–Sr geochronology to investigate the rates of exhumation and burial in active mountain-building systems. It is further demonstrated that additional chemical data collected during spot analyses can be used to determine temperatures recorded in biotite. The method used has advantages over traditional methods in speed, ease of acquisition, and the ability to collect additional chemical information.
Benedikt Ritter, Richard Albert, Aleksandr Rakipov, Frederik M. Van der Wateren, Tibor J. Dunai, and Axel Gerdes
Geochronology, 5, 433–450, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-5-433-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-5-433-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Chronological information on the evolution of the Namib Desert is scarce. We used U–Pb dating of silcretes formed by pressure solution during calcrete formation to track paleoclimate variability since the Late Miocene. Calcrete formation took place during the Pliocene with an abrupt cessation at 2.9 Ma. The end took place due to deep canyon incision which we dated using TCN exposure dating. With our data we correct and contribute to the Neogene history of the Namib Desert and its evolution.
Charles W. Magee Jr., Simon Bodorkos, Christopher J. Lewis, James L. Crowley, Corey J. Wall, and Richard M. Friedman
Geochronology, 5, 1–19, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-5-1-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-5-1-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
SHRIMP (Sensitive High Resolution Ion MicroProbe) is an instrument that for decades has used the radioactive decay of uranium into lead to measure geologic time. The accuracy and precision of this instrument has not been seriously reviewed in almost 20 years. This paper compares several dozen SHRIMP ages in our database with more accurate and precise methods to assess SHRIMP accuracy and precision. Analytical and geological complications are addressed to try to improve the method.
Romain Tartèse and Ian C. Lyon
Geochronology, 4, 683–690, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-683-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-683-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Absolute chronological constraints are crucial in Earth and planetary sciences. In recent years, U–Pb dating of carbonates has provided information on the timing of, for example, diagenesis, faulting, or hydrothermalism. These studies have targeted relatively young terrestrial carbonates up to 300 million years old. By dating 3.9 billion-year-old martian carbonates in situ using the U–Pb chronometer, we show that this system is robust in ancient samples that have had a relatively simple history.
Darwinaji Subarkah, Angus L. Nixon, Monica Jimenez, Alan S. Collins, Morgan L. Blades, Juraj Farkaš, Sarah E. Gilbert, Simon Holford, and Amber Jarrett
Geochronology, 4, 577–600, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-577-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-577-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Advancements in technology have introduced new techniques to more quickly and cheaply date rocks with little sample preparation. A unique use of this method is to date shales and constrain when these rocks were first deposited. This approach can also time when such sequences were subsequently affected by heat or fluids after they were deposited. This is useful, as the formation of precious-metal-bearing systems or petroleum source rocks is commonly associated with such processes.
Daniil V. Popov
Geochronology, 4, 399–407, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-399-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-399-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This work provides equations allowing the use of minerals with variable concentrations of parent and daughter isotopes as primary standards to correct for elemental fractionation during the analysis by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.
Johannes Rembe, Renjie Zhou, Edward R. Sobel, Jonas Kley, Jie Chen, Jian-Xin Zhao, Yuexing Feng, and Daryl L. Howard
Geochronology, 4, 227–250, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-227-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-227-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Calcite is frequently formed during alteration processes in the basaltic, uppermost layer of juvenile oceanic crust. Weathered oceanic basalts are hard to date with conventional radiometric methods. We show in a case study from the North Pamir, Central Asia, that calcite U–Pb age data, supported by geochemistry and petrological microscopy, have potential to date sufficiently old oceanic basalts, if the time span between basalt extrusion and latest calcite precipitation (~ 25 Myr) is considered.
Bar Elisha, Perach Nuriel, Andrew Kylander-Clark, and Ram Weinberger
Geochronology, 3, 337–349, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-3-337-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-3-337-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Distinguishing between different dolomitization processes is challenging yet critical for resolving some of the issues and ambiguities related to the formation of dolomitic rocks. Accurate U–Pb absolute dating of dolomite by LA-ICP-MS could contribute to a better understanding of the dolomitization process by placing syngenetic, early diagenetic, and/or epigenetic events in the proper geological context.
Louise Lenoir, Thomas Blaise, Andréa Somogyi, Benjamin Brigaud, Jocelyn Barbarand, Claire Boukari, Julius Nouet, Aurore Brézard-Oudot, and Maurice Pagel
Geochronology, 3, 199–227, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-3-199-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-3-199-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
To explore the U–Pb geochronometer in fluorite, the spatial distribution of uranium and other substituted elements in natural crystals is investigated using induced fission-track and synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence mapping. LA-ICP-MS U–Pb dating on four crystals, which preserve micrometer-scale variations in U concentrations, yields identical ages within analytical uncertainty. Our results show that fluorite U–Pb geochronology has potential for dating distinct crystal growth stages.
Veronica Peverelli, Tanya Ewing, Daniela Rubatto, Martin Wille, Alfons Berger, Igor Maria Villa, Pierre Lanari, Thomas Pettke, and Marco Herwegh
Geochronology, 3, 123–147, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-3-123-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-3-123-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This work presents LA-ICP-MS U–Pb geochronology of epidote in hydrothermal veins. The challenges of epidote dating are addressed, and a protocol is proposed allowing us to obtain epidote U–Pb ages with a precision as good as 5 % in addition to the initial Pb isotopic composition of the epidote-forming fluid. Epidote demonstrates its potential to be used as a U–Pb geochronometer and as a fluid tracer, allowing us to reconstruct the timing of hydrothermal activity and the origin of the fluid(s).
E. Troy Rasbury, Theodore M. Present, Paul Northrup, Ryan V. Tappero, Antonio Lanzirotti, Jennifer M. Cole, Kathleen M. Wooton, and Kevin Hatton
Geochronology, 3, 103–122, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-3-103-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-3-103-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We characterize three natural carbonate samples with elevated uranium/lead (U/Pb) ratios to demonstrate techniques improving the understanding of U incorporation in carbonates for U/Pb dating. With the rapidly accelerating application of laser ablation analyses, there is a great need for well-characterized reference materials that can serve multiple functions. Strontium (Sr) isotope analyses and U XANES demonstrate that these samples could be used as reference materials.
Guilhem Hoareau, Fanny Claverie, Christophe Pecheyran, Christian Paroissin, Pierre-Alexandre Grignard, Geoffrey Motte, Olivier Chailan, and Jean-Pierre Girard
Geochronology, 3, 67–87, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-3-67-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-3-67-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
A new methodology for the micron-scale uranium–lead dating of carbonate minerals is proposed. It is based on the extraction of ages directly from pixel images (< 1 mm2) obtained by laser ablation coupled to a mass spectrometer. The ages are calculated with a robust linear regression through the pixel values. This methodology is compared to existing approaches.
Fanis Abdullin, Luigi A. Solari, Jesús Solé, and Carlos Ortega-Obregón
Geochronology, 3, 59–65, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-3-59-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-3-59-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Unetched and etched apatite grains from five samples were dated by U–Pb method using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Our experiment indicates that etching needed for apatite fission track dating has insignificant effects on obtaining accurate U–Pb ages; thus, the laser ablation-based technique may be used for apatite fission track and U–Pb double dating.
Perach Nuriel, Jörn-Frederik Wotzlaw, Maria Ovtcharova, Anton Vaks, Ciprian Stremtan, Martin Šala, Nick M. W. Roberts, and Andrew R. C. Kylander-Clark
Geochronology, 3, 35–47, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-3-35-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-3-35-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This contribution presents a new reference material, ASH-15 flowstone with an age of 2.965 ± 0.011 Ma (95 % CI), to be used for in situ U–Pb dating of carbonate material. The new age analyses include the use of the EARTHTIME isotopic tracers and a large number of sub-samples (n = 37) with small aliquots (1–7 mg) each that are more representative of laser-ablation spot analysis. The new results could improve the propagated uncertainties on the final age with a minimal value of 0.4 %.
Andrew R. C. Kylander-Clark
Geochronology, 2, 343–354, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-2-343-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-2-343-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
This paper serves as a guide to those interested in dating calcite by laser ablation. Within it are theoretical and practical limits of U and Pb concentrations (and U / Pb ratios), which would allow viable extraction of ages from calcite (and other minerals with moderate U / Pb ratios), and which type of instrumentation would be appropriate for any given sample. The method described uses a new detector array, allowing for lower detection limits and thereby expanding the range of viable samples.
Hugo K. H. Olierook, Kai Rankenburg, Stanislav Ulrich, Christopher L. Kirkland, Noreen J. Evans, Stephen Brown, Brent I. A. McInnes, Alexander Prent, Jack Gillespie, Bradley McDonald, and Miles Darragh
Geochronology, 2, 283–303, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-2-283-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-2-283-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Using a relatively new dating technique, in situ Rb–Sr geochronology, we constrain the ages of two generations of mineral assemblages from the Tropicana Zone, Western Australia. The first, dated at ca. 2535 Ma, is associated with exhumation of an Archean craton margin and gold mineralization. The second, dated at ca. 1210 Ma, has not been previously documented in the Tropicana Zone. It is probably associated with Stage II of the Albany–Fraser Orogeny and additional gold mineralization.
George Gehrels, Dominique Giesler, Paul Olsen, Dennis Kent, Adam Marsh, William Parker, Cornelia Rasmussen, Roland Mundil, Randall Irmis, John Geissman, and Christopher Lepre
Geochronology, 2, 257–282, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-2-257-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-2-257-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
U–Pb ages of zircon crystals are used to determine the provenance and depositional age of strata of the Triassic Chinle and Moenkopi formations and the Permian Coconino Sandstone of northern Arizona. Primary source regions include the Ouachita orogen, local Precambrian basement rocks, and Permian–Triassic magmatic arcs to the south and west. Ages from fine-grained strata provide reliable depositional ages, whereas ages from sandstones are compromised by zircon grains recycled from older strata.
Marcel Guillong, Jörn-Frederik Wotzlaw, Nathan Looser, and Oscar Laurent
Geochronology, 2, 155–167, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-2-155-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-2-155-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The dating of carbonates by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry is improved by an additional, newly characterised reference material and adapted data evaluation protocols: the shape (diameter to depth) of the ablation crater has to be as similar as possible in the reference material used and the unknown samples to avoid an offset. Different carbonates have different ablation rates per laser pulse. With robust uncertainty propagation, precision can be as good as 2–3 %.
Nick M. W. Roberts, Kerstin Drost, Matthew S. A. Horstwood, Daniel J. Condon, David Chew, Henrik Drake, Antoni E. Milodowski, Noah M. McLean, Andrew J. Smye, Richard J. Walker, Richard Haslam, Keith Hodson, Jonathan Imber, Nicolas Beaudoin, and Jack K. Lee
Geochronology, 2, 33–61, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-2-33-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-2-33-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Here we review current progress in LA-ICP-MS U–Pb carbonate geochronology and present strategies for acquisition and interpretation of carbonate U–Pb dates. We cover topics from imaging techniques and U and Pb incorporation into calcite to potential limitations of the method – disequilibrium and isotope mobility. We demonstrate the incorporation of imaging and compositional data to help refine and interpret U–Pb dates. We expect this paper to become a
go-toreference paper for years to come.
Cited articles
Barfod, G. H., Krogstad, E. J., Frei, R., and Albarède, F.: Lu-Hf and PbSL geochronology of apatites from Proterozoic terranes: A first look at Lu-Hf isotopic closure in metamorphic apatite, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 69, 1847–1859, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2004.09.014, 2005.
Barker, S. L. L., Bennett, V. C., Cox, S. F., Norman, M. D., and Gagan, M.
K.: Sm–Nd, Sr, C and O isotope systematics in hydrothermal
calcite–fluorite veins: Implications for fluid–rock reaction and
geochronology, Chem. Geol., 268, 58–66, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2009.07.009, 2009.
Basson, I., Lourens, P., Paetzold, H.-D., Thomas, S., Brazier, R., and
Molabe, P.: Structural analysis and 3D modelling of major mineralizing
structures at the Phalaborwa copper deposit, Ore Geol. Rev., 83,
30–42, 2017.
Brugger, J., Liu, W., Etschmann, B., Mei, Y., Sherman, D. M., and Testemale,
D.: A review of the coordination chemistry of hydrothermal systems, or do
coordination changes make ore deposits?, Chem. Geol., 447, 219–253, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.10.021, 2016.
Cherniak, D. J.: An experimental study of strontium and lead diffusion in
calcite, and implications for carbonate diagenesis and metamorphism,
Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 61, 4173–4179, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(97)00236-6, 1997.
Chew, D. M., Sylvester, P. J., and Tubrett, M. N.: U–Pb and Th–Pb dating
of apatite by LA-ICPMS, Chem. Geol., 280, 200–216, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.11.010, 2011.
Cosca, M. A., Essene, E. J., Mezger, K., and van der Pluijm, B. A.:
Constraints on the duration of tectonic processes: Protracted extension and
deep-crustal rotation in the Grenville orogen, Geology, 23, 361–364, 1995.
Debruyne, D., Hulsbosch, N., and Muchez, P.: Unraveling rare earth element
signatures in hydrothermal carbonate minerals using a source–sink system,
Ore Geol. Rev., 72, 232–252, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2015.07.022, 2016.
Duncan, R. J., Stein, H. J., Evans, K. A., Hitzman, M. W., Nelson, E. P.,
and Kirwin, D. J.: A New Geochronological Framework for Mineralization and
Alteration in the Selwyn-Mount Dore Corridor, Eastern Fold Belt, Mount Isa
Inlier, Australia: Genetic Implications for Iron Oxide Copper-Gold Deposits,
Econ. Geol., 106, 169–192, 2011.
Elzinga, E. J., Reeder, R. J., Withers, S. H., Peale, R. E., Mason, R. A.,
Beck, K. M., and Hess, W. P.: EXAFS study of rare-earth element coordination
in calcite, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 66, 2875–2885,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)00888-8, 2002.
Fisher, C. M. and Vervoort, J. D.: Using the magmatic record to constrain
the growth of continental crust – The Eoarchean zircon Hf record of
Greenland, Earth Planet. Sc. Lett., 488, 79–91, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2018.01.031, 2018.
Frei, R., Villa, I. M., Nagler, T. F., Kramers, J. D., Pryzbylowicz, W. J.,
Prozesky, V. M., Hofman, B. A., and Kamber, B. S.: Single mineral dating by
the Pb-Pb step leaching method: assessing the mechanisms, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 61, 393–414, 1997.
Garrett, S. J.: The Geology and Geochemistry of the Mount Elliott
Copper-Gold deposit, Northwest Queensland, Masters thesis, CODES, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, 139 pp., https://eprints.utas.edu.au/19572/ (last access: 8 December 2021), 1992.
Gibson, H. L., Lafrance, B., Pehrsson, S., Dewolfe, M. Y., Gilmore, K., and
Simard, R.-L.: The Volcanological and Structural Evolution of the
Paleoproterozoic Flin Flon Mining District, Anatomy of a Giant VMS System,
Geosci. Can., 39, 182–194, 2012.
Giles, D. and Nutman, A. P.: SHRIMP U–Pb monazite dating of 1600–1580 Ma
amphibolite facies metamorphism in the southeastern Mt. Isa Block, Australia,
Aust. J. Earth Sci., 49, 455–465, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-0952.2002.00931.x, 2002.
Glorie, S., Gillespie, J., Simpson, A., Gilbert, S., Khudoley, A., Priyatkina, N., Hand, M., and Kirkland, C. L.: Detrital apatite Lu–Hf and U–Pb geochronology applied to the southwestern Siberian margin, Terra Nova, 34, 201–209, https://doi.org/10.1111/ter.12580, 2022.
Groves, D. I. and Vielreicher, N. M.: The Phalaborwa (palabora)
carbonatite-hosted magnetite-copper sulfide deposit, South Africa: am
emd-member of the iron-oxide-copper-gold-rare earth element deposit group?,
Miner. Deposita, 36, 189–194, 2001.
Henrichs, I. A., O'Sullivan, G., Chew, D. M., Mark, C., Babechuk, M. G.,
McKenna, C., and Emo, R.: The trace element and U-Pb systematics of
metamorphic apatite, Chem. Geol., 483, 218–238, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2017.12.031, 2018.
Horstwood, M. S. A., Košler, J., Gehrels, G., Jackson, S. E., McLean, N.
M., Paton, C., Pearson, N. J., Sircombe, K., Sylvester, P., Vermeesch, P.,
Bowring, J. F., Condon, D. J., and Schoene, B.: Community-Derived Standards
for LA-ICP-MS U-(Th-)Pb Geochronology – Uncertainty Propagation, Age
Interpretation and Data Reporting, Geostand. Geoanal. Res.,
40, 311–332, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-908X.2016.00379.x, 2016.
Hu, Z., Gao, S., Liu, Y., Hu, S., Chen, H., and Yuan, H.: Signal enhancement
in laser ablation ICP-MS by addition of nitrogen in the central channel gas,
J. Anal. Atom. Spectrom., 23, 1093–1101, https://doi.org/10.1039/b804760j, 2008.
Kennedy, A. K., Kamo, S. L., Nasdala, L., and Timms, N. E.: Grenville Skarn
Titanite: Potential Reference Material For Sims U-Th-Pb Analysis, Can. Mineral., 48, 1423–1443, https://doi.org/10.3749/canmin.48.5.1423, 2011.
Koo, J. and Mossman, D. J.: Origin and metamorphism of the Flin Flon
stratabound Cu-Zn sulfide deposit, Saskatchewan and Manitoba, Econ. Geol., 70, 48–62, 1975.
Kretz, R., Campbell, J. L., Hoffman, E. L., Hartree, R., and Teesdale, W.
J.: Approaches to equilibrium in the distribution of trace elements among
the principal minerals in a high-grade metamorphic terrane, J. Metamorph. Geol., 8, 493–506, 1999.
Krogstad, R. and Walker, R. J.: High closure temperatures of the U-Pb
system in large apatites from the Tin Mountain pegmatite, Black Hills South
Dakota, USA, Geochem. Geophy. Geosy., 58, 3845–3853, 1994.
Kroslakova, I. and Günther, D.: Elemental fractionation in laser
ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry: evidence for mass
load induced matrix effects in the ICP during ablation of a silicate glass,
J. Anal. Atom. Spectrom., 22, 51–62, https://doi.org/10.1039/b606522h, 2007.
Lafrance, B., Gibson, H. L., Pehrsson, S., Schetselaar, E., Dewolfe, M. Y.,
and Lewis, D.: Structural reconstruction of the Flin Flon volcanogenic
massive sulfide mining district, Sasketchwant and Manitoba, Canada, Econ. Geol., 111, 849–875, 2016.
Le Bras, L. Y., Bolhar, R., Bybee, G. M., Nex, P. A., Guy, B. M., Moyana,
T., and Lourens, P.: Platinum-group and trace elements in Cu-sulfides from
the Loolekop pipe, Phalaborwa: implications for ore-forming processes,
Miner. Deposita, 56, 161–177, 2021.
Li, Q., Parrish, R. R., Horstwood, M. S. A., and McArthur, J. M.: U–Pb
dating of cements in Mesozoic ammonites, Chem. Geol., 376, 76–83, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.03.020, 2014.
Li, Y. and Vermeesch, P.: Short communication: Inverse isochron regression for Re–Os, K–Ca and other chronometers, Geochronology, 3, 415–420, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-3-415-2021, 2021.
Maas, R., Apukhtina, O. B., Kamenetsky, V. S., Ehrig, K., Sprung, P., and
Münker, C.: Carbonates at the supergiant Olypmic Dam Cu-U-Au-Ag deposit,
South Australia part 2: Sm-Nd, Lu-Hf and Sr-Pb isotope constraints on the
chronology of carbonate deposition, Ore Geol. Rev., 140, 103745, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2020.103745, 2020.
Marshall, L.: Brecciation within the Mary Kathleen Group of the Eastern
Succession, Mt. Isa Block, Australia: Implications of district-scale
structural and metasomatic processes for Fe-oxide-Cu-Au mineralisation,
PhD thesis, James Cook University, https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/8243/ (last access: 13 December 2021), 2003.
Migdisov, A., Williams-Jones, A. E., Brugger, J., and Caporuscio, F. A.:
Hydrothermal transport, deposition, and fractionation of the REE:
Experimental data and thermodynamic calculations, Chem. Geol., 439,
13–42, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.06.005, 2016.
Nebel, O., Morel, M., and Vroon, P.: Isotope Dilution Determinations of Lu,
Hf, Zr, Ta and W and Hf Isotope Compositions of NIST SRM 610 and 612 Glass
Wafers, Geostand. Geoanal. Res., 33, 487–499, 2009.
Nie, F. J., Bjφrlykke, A., and Nilsen, K. S.: The Origin of the
Proterozoic Bidjovagge Gold-Copper Deposit, Finnmark, Northern Norway, as
Deduced from Rare Earth Element and Nd Isotopic Evidences on Calcites,
Resour. Geol., 49, 13–25, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-3928.1999.tb00028.x, 1999.
Norris, A. and Danyushevsky, L.: Towards estimating the complete
uncertainty budget of quantified results measured be LA-ICP-MS, Goldschmidt, 12–17 August 2018, Boston, USA, 1894, https://goldschmidtabstracts.info/2018/1894.pdf (last access: December 2021), 2018.
Oliver, N., Butera, K., Rubenach, M., Marshall, L., Cleverley, J., Mark, G.,
Tullemans, F., and Esser, D.: The protracted hydrothermal evolution of the
Mount Isa Eastern Succession: A review and tectonic implications,
Precambrian Res., 163, 108–130, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2007.08.019, 2008.
Oliver, N. H., Cartwright, I., Wall, V. J., and Golding, S. D.: The stable
isotope signature of kilometre-scale fracturedominated metamorphic fluid
pathways, Mary Kathleen, Australia, J. Metamorph. Geol., 11,
705–720, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1314.1993.tb00182.x, 1993.
Oliver, N. H., Cleverley, J. S., Mark, G., Pollard, P. J., Fu, B., Marshall,
L. J., Rubenach, M. J., Williams, P. J., and Baker, T.: Modeling the Role of
Sodic Alteration in the Genesis of Iron Oxide-Copper-Gold Deposits, Eastern
Mount Isa Block, Australia, Econ. Geol., 99, 1145–1176,
https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.99.6.1145, 2004.
Page, R. W. and Sun, S. S.: Aspects of geochronology and crustal evolution
in the Eastern Fold Belt, Mt. Isa Inlier, Aust. J. Earth Sci., 45, 343–361, https://doi.org/10.1080/08120099808728396, 1998.
Peng, J. T., Hu, R. Z., and Burnard, P. G.: Samarium–neodymium isotope
systematics of hydrothermal calcites from the Xikuangshan antimony deposit
(Hunan, China): the potential of calcite as a geochronometer, Chem. Geol., 200, 129–136, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(03)00187-6, 2003.
Rasbury, E. T. and Cole, J. M.: Directly dating geologic events: U-Pb
dating of carbonates, Rev. Geophys., 47, RG3001, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007RG000246,
2009.
Rayner, N. M.: New U-Pb zircon ages from the Flin Flon Targeted Geoscience
Initiative Project 2006–2009: Flin Flon and Hook Lake blocks, Geological
Survey of Canada, Current Research, 2010-4, 1–12, https://doi.org/10.4095/261489, 2010.
Ribeiro, B. V., Finch, M. A., Cawood, P. A., Faleiros, F. M., Murphy, T. D.,
Simpson, A., Glorie, S., Tedeschi, M., Armit, R., and Barrote, V. R.: From
microanalysis to supercontinents: insights from the Rio Apa Terrane into the
Mesoproterozoic SW Amazonian Craton evolution during Rodinia assembly,
J. Metamorph. Geol., 40, 631–663, https://doi.org/10.1111/jmg.12641, 2021.
Ring, U. and Gerdes, A.: Kinematics of the Alpenrhein-Bodensee graben
system in the Central Alps: Oligocene/Miocene transtension due to formation
of the Western Alps arc, Tectonics, 35, 1367–1391, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015tc004085,
2016.
Rivers, T.: Tectonic Setting and Evolution of the Grenville Orogen: An
Assessment of Progress Over the Last 40 Years, Geosci. Can., 42,
77–124, https://doi.org/10.12789/geocanj.2014.41.057, 2015.
Roberts, N. M. W. and Walker, R. J.: U-Pb geochronology of
calcite-mineralized faults: Absolute timing of rift-related fault events on
the northeast Atlantic margin, Geology, 44, 531–534, https://doi.org/10.1130/G37868.1, 2016.
Roberts, N. M. W., Rasbury, E. T., Parrish, R. R., Smith, C. J., Horstwood,
M. S. A., and Condon, D. J.: A calcite reference material for LA-ICP-MS U-Pb
geochronology, Geochem. Geophy. Geosy., 18, 2807–2814,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GC006784, 2017.
Roberts, N. M. W., Drost, K., Horstwood, M. S. A., Condon, D. J., Chew, D., Drake, H., Milodowski, A. E., McLean, N. M., Smye, A. J., Walker, R. J., Haslam, R., Hodson, K., Imber, J., Beaudoin, N., and Lee, J. K.: Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) U–Pb carbonate geochronology: strategies, progress, and limitations, Geochronology, 2, 33–61, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-2-33-2020, 2020.
Schetselaar, E., Ames, D., and Grunsky, E.: Integrated 3D Geological
Modeling to Gain Insight in the Effects of Hydrothermal Alteration on
Post-Ore Deformation Style and Strain Localization in the Flin Flon
Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide Ore System, Minerals, 8, 3, https://doi.org/10.3390/min8010003, 2017.
Schneider, D. A., Heizler, M. T., Bickford, M. E., Wortman, G. L., Condie,
K. C., and Perilli, S.: Timing constraints of orogeny to cratonization:
Thermochronology of the Paleoproterozoic Trans-Hudson orogen, Manitoba and
Saskatchewan, Canada, Precambrian Res., 153, 65–95, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2006.11.007, 2007.
Schumann, D., Martin, R. F., Fuchs, S., and de Fourestier, J.:
Silicocarbonatitic melt inclusions in fluorapatite from the Yates prospect,
Otter Lake, Québec: Evidence of marble anatexis in the central
metasedimentary belt of the Grenville Province, Can. Mineral.,
57, 583–604, https://doi.org/10.3749/canmin.1900015, 2019.
Simpson, A.: Supplementary file 1: calcite Lu-Hf data, The University of Adelaide [data set], https://doi.org/10.25909/17425541.v1, 2021.
Simpson, A., Gilbert, S., Tamblyn, R., Hand, M., Spandler, C., Gillespie,
J., Nixon, A., and Glorie, S.: In-situ Lu Hf geochronology of garnet,
apatite and xenotime by LA ICP MS/MS, Chem. Geol., 577, 120299, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2021.120299, 2021a.
Simpson, A., Glorie, S., Morley, C. K., Roberts, N. M. W., Gillespie, J.,
and Lee, J. K.: In-situ calcite U-Pb geochronology of hydrothermal veins in
Thailand: New constraints on Indosinian and Cenozoic deformation, J. Asian Earth Sci., 206, 104649, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2020.104649, 2021b.
Söderlund, U., Patchett, P. J., Vervoort, J. D., and Isachsen, C. E.:
The 176Lu decay constant determined by Lu–Hf and U–Pb isotope systematics
of Precambrian mafic intrusions, Earth Planet. Sc. Lett., 219,
311–324, https://doi.org/10.1016/s0012-821x(04)00012-3, 2004.
Spandler, C., Hammerli, J., Sha, P., Hilbert-Wolf, H., Hu, Y., Roberts, E.,
and Schmitz, M.: MKED1: A new titanite standard for in situ analysis of
Sm–Nd isotopes and U–Pb geochronology, Chem. Geol., 425, 110–126, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.01.002, 2016.
Staff, P. M.: The Geology and the economic deposits of copper, iron, and
vermiculite in the Palabora Igneous Complex, A brief review, Econ. Geol., 71, 177–192, 1976.
Stern, R. A. and Amelin, Y.: Assessment of errors in SIMS zircon U–Pb
geochronology using a natural zircon standard and NIST SRM 610 glass,
Chem. Geol., 197, 111–142, https://doi.org/10.1016/s0009-2541(02)00320-0, 2003.
Stern, R. A., Syme, E. C., Bailes, A. H., and Lucas, S. B.: Paleoproterozoic
(1.90–1.86 Ga) arc volcanism in the Flin Flon Belt, Trans-Hudson Orogen,
Canada, Contrib. Mineral. Petr., 119, 117–141, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00307276, 1995.
Sylvester, P.: Matrix effects in laser ablation ICP–MS, in: Laser
Ablation–ICP–MS in the Earth Sciences current practices and outstanding
issues, edited by: Sylvester, P., Mineralogical Association of Canada short
course series, Mineralogical Association of Canada, Vancouver, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.104.4.601, 2008.
Tamblyn, R., Hand, M., Simpson, A., Gilbert, S., Wade, B., and Glorie, S.:
In-situ laser ablation Lu–Hf geochronology of garnet across the Western
Gneiss Region: Campaign-style dating of metamorphism, J. Geol. Soc., jgs2021-2094, https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2021-094, online first, 2021.
Terakado, Y. and Masuda, A.: The coprecipitation of rare-earth elements
with calcite and aragonite, Chem. Geol., 69, 103–110,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(88)90162-3, 1988.
van Breemen, O. v. and Corriveau, L.: U–Pb age constraints on arenaceous
and volcanic rocks of the Wakeham Group, eastern Grenville Province,
Can. J. Earth Sci., 42, 1677–1697, https://doi.org/10.1139/e05-079, 2005.
Vermeesch, P.: IsoplotR: A free and open toolbox for geochronology,
Geosci. Front., 9, 1479–1493, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2018.04.001, 2018.
Vervoort J.: Lu-Hf Dating: The Lu-Hf Isotope System, in: Encyclopedia of Scientific Dating Methods, edited by: Rink, W. and Thompson, J., Springer, Dordrecht, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6326-5_46-1, 2014.
Wang, S. and Williams, P. J.: Geochemistry and origin of Proterozoic skarns
at the Mount Elliott Cu-Au(-Co-Ni) deposit, Cloncurry district, NW
Queensland, Australia, Miner. Deposita, 36, 109–124, 2001.
Whitehouse, M. J. and Russell, J.: Isotope systematics of Precambrian
marbles from the Lewisian complex of northwest Scotland: implications for
Pb–Pb dating of metamorphosed carbonates, Chem. Geol., 136, 295–307,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(96)00137-4, 1997.
Wu, F.-Y., Yang, Y.-H., Li, Q.-L., Mitchell, R. H., Dawson, J. B., Brandl,
G., and Yuhara, M.: In situ determination of U–Pb ages and Sr–Nd–Hf
isotopic constraints on the petrogenesis of the Phalaborwa carbonatite
Complex, South Africa, Lithos, 127, 309–322, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2011.09.005, 2011.
Xiang, D., Zhang, Z., Zack, T., Chew, D., Yang, Y., Wu, L., and Hogmalm, J.:
Apatite U-Pb Dating with Common Pb Correction Using LA-ICP-MS/MS,
Geostand. Geoanal. Res., 45, 621–642, https://doi.org/10.1111/ggr.12404, 2021.
Zhong, S. and Mucci, A.: Partitioning of rare earth elements (REEs) between
calcite and seawater solutions at 25 ∘C and 1 atm, and high
dissolved REE concentrations, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 59, 443–453,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(94)00381-U, 1995.
Short summary
The article demonstrates a new technique that can be used to determine the age of calcite crystallisation using the decay of 176Lu to 176Hf. The technique is novel because (a) Lu–Hf radiometric dating is rarely applied to calcite and (b) this is the first instance where analysis has been conducted by ablating the sample with a laser beam rather than bulk dissolution. By using laser ablation the original context of the sample is preserved.
The article demonstrates a new technique that can be used to determine the age of calcite...
